Vertically slidable tiltable sash



May 28, 1963 E. J. WOODHAMS VERTICALLY SLIDABLE TILTABLE SASH Filed May 5, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 d 45a 12a Hoa Ilia INVENTOR.

@MM @www May 28, 1963 E. J. WOODHAMS VERTICALLY SLIDABLE TILTABLE sAsH 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 5, 1960 IZZ wwwa/w ATMP/WHS Sates Filed May 5, 1960, Ser. No. 27,194 7 Claims. (Cl. 20-49) This invention relates in general to a double-hung windown construction and, more particularly, to a type thereof having sash support structure whereby one or both of the sashes can be supported within the window frame for both sliding and hinged movement with respect to the window frame, and for easy removal of the sashes from the frame.

The basic concept of a double-hung window construction, wherein the sashes can move slidably and pivotably with respect to the Window frame in which they are mounted, has been known for many years. However, insofar as I am aware, existing structures of this type have not met with widespread commercial acceptance for several reasons, in spite of their obvious advantages for ventilation and cleaning. For example, one serious objection to this type of window structure stems from the present lack of a satisfactory mechanism for hingedly supporting the sashes within the window frame. Where the hinged movement is around a horizontal axis, as it normally is, the principal problem has been to provide a hinge mechanism which is strong enough to hold the sash in a variety of positions intermediate the vertical and horizontal positions. Moreover, the hinge mechanism should also be easy to install and operate, inexpensive to fabricate, capable of easy adaptation to existing windows, capable of easy adjustment to compensate for wear, shrinkage and the like, and it should not have braces or other projections which are unsightly or which interfere with other objects, such as drapes, located adjacent to the window.

The previous attempts to achieve a satisfactory hinge mechanism for horizontally pivoted Windowsin a doublehung frame have progressed along several different lines. One arrangement, which pivots the sash inwardly around its lower ra-il, includes one or two link bars Which con nect the sash to the window frame at points spaced upwardly from the hinge axis of the sash for the purpose of supporting the sash in a non-vertical position. This type of structure is sufciently complicated that it must, as a rule, be part of an original -window installation or a substantially modied installation. Moreover, the link bars are unsightly and usually restrict the hinged movement of the sash as well as its removal.

In another form of existing structure of this general type, the hinge mechanism is installed between the sash and the window frame about midway between the upper and llower rails so that the torques applied by the sash around the hinge axis are substantially balanced at all positions of the sash, thereby creating a minimum of need for resistance to pivotal movement of the sash around its hinge axis. Obviously, this type of structure raises serious problems where storm or screen sash are involved.

In an etfort to avoid the above-mentioned problems, complicated hinge mechanisms have been provided at the opposite ends of the lower rail, but have been found unsatisfactory because they are practically impossible to reach for adjustment purposes and because they are very ditlicult, hence expensive, to install. In a further effort to overcome these problems, hinge brackets have been mounted upon and between the lower rail of the sash and the window frame so that said hinge brackets extend sidewardly away from the sash, generally on the interior side of the sash. Thus, the hinge mechanism can be easily adjusted, but it can also be easily seen, which is arent 3,091,005. Patented May 28, 1953 'ISC undesirable, and it creates an interference with drapes, curtains and the like.

In examining various prior known hinge mechanisms for such purposes, it has been noticed that they have consistently relied upon structures wherein the resistance to pivotal movement ofthe sash with respect to the window frame has been developed by forcing the hinge elements together in a direction parallel with the hinge axis. That is, the frictional resistance has been developed by compressing, in a direction parallel with the hinge axis, the hinge members connected to the sash and the frame. Although many forms of this type of hinge mechanism have been developed, none are known to have been widely utilized. t

Accordingly, a primary object of this invention has been the provision of an improved sash support structure whereby a sash can be both slidably and hingedly supported upon a window frame of the double-hung type for trouble-free operation during long periods of frequent use.

A further object of this invention has been the provision of a structure, as aforesaid, in which the hinge mechanism can be quickly and easily adjusted without using special tools, without removing the sash from the window frame and by any person capable of making simple normal adjustments with a screwdriver.

A further object of this invention has been the provision of a structure, as aforesaid, which can beeasily adapted to, and installed upon, a double-hung window already in use, and wherein a sash equipped with said structure can be quickly and easily removed from'the window frame when desired by avery simple procedure which requires the removal of just two screws. 1

A further object of this invention has been the provision of a structure, as aforesaid, having a hinge mechanism ywhich is completely hiddenfrom sight, which is cornpletely foolproofvin its operation, which'is sturdy in structure and which, if necessary, can be easily `removed from the Window frame. f i

Other objects and purposes of this invention will become apparent to persons familiar with this -type of equip'- ment upon reading the following descriptive material and examining the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 isa broken, vertical cross-sectional view of a double-hung window construction embodying and invention. Y,

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view substantially asl taken along the line II-II in FIGURE l.

FIGURE 3 is an exploded sectional view substantially as taken along the line III- VIII in FIGURE l. Y

FIGURE 4 is a sectional view substantially as taken along the line IV-IV in FIGURE 3 and rotated clockwise FIGURE 5 is a sectional view substantially as taken along the 'line V-V in FIGURE 3 andV rotated clockwise 180. A

FIGURE 6 is a sectional view substautiallyas taken along the line VI--VI in FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 7 is an exploded, perspective view of the hinge mechanism of theinvention. l

FIGURE 8 is a fragmentary, side elevational view of the outer side of a modifiedsupport structure with the guide member removed. f

FIGURE 9 is a sectional view taken along the line lX-IX in FIGURE 8, and showing a double-glazed sash.

FIGURE l0 is an exploded perspective view vof the modified hinge bracket shown in FIGURE 8.

FIGURE 1-1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the inner side of a modiiied mounting member which supports a trunnion upon the vertical edge of the sash.

FIGURE 12 is a sectional view XII- XII in FIGURE `l1. Y

taken along the line y For convenience in description, the terms upper, lov/er, and words of similar import will have reference to the window construction and parts thereof as appearing inFIGUREl. The terms interior and exterior will have reference to -those sides of the window construction and parts thereof corresponding to the interior and exterior surfaces, respectively, of the wall in which the window construction is installed. The .terms innen outer and words of similar import will have reference to the geometric center of said window construction, the sash support structure of the invention and parts associated therewith.

General VDescription f The objects and purposes of the invention, including those set forth above, havebeen met by providing a sash support structure which is particularly adapted for use in "a doubleihung type of sash and frame structure, whereinthe sashes are vertically Yslidable within the window frame' between substantially non-overlapping closed positions and fully overlapping open positions between the header and sill of the window frame. Each sash is also supportedfor pivotal movement around a horizontal axis preferably extending through, and `lengthwise of, the lower rail of each sash. The invention relates primarily to the structure whereby each sash is supported upon the frame so that it canboth slide .and pivot with respect Yto the frame.

The sash-supporting structure is comprised of a pair of slide guides mounted upon the vertical jambs of the frame and a pair of slides disposed respectively within theslide guides for vertical movement therealong. The

has an upper rail 26, a lower or meeting rail 27 and a pair of vertical elements or stiles 28 and 29 in which a closure panel, such as a pane of glass 32, is mounted. The lower sash 13 (FIGURES 1 and 2) has rails 33 and 34, stiles 36 and 37 and a closure panel 38. A conventional sash lock 39 (FIGURE l) has parts thereof mounted upon the meeting rails 27 and 33 of the sashes 12 and 13, respectively, whereby the lower sash '13 can be secured to the upper sash whereby both sashes are held against both vertical and tilting movement with respect to the window frame 111.

As shown in FIGURE 2, the upper sash 12 is mounted upon and within the frame 11 by means of a-pair of slides are connected to the sash near the lower end of each by a'hinge mechanism which is capable of supporting the sash with respect to the frame at various angles ranging from vertical to horizontal. 'Ihe hinge mechanism includes a trunnion supported upon the sash and a split sleeve mounted upon the slide and into which the trunnion is rotatably received. Easily engageable adjustmentmeansY is provided in the hinge mechanism for controlling the force by which the sleeve grips the trunnion and, accordingly, for controlling the resistance of said hinge mechanism to pivotal movement of the sash. The hinge mechanism is designed so that i-t is substantially completely hidden from view at all times and, moreover, is located at all times completely between the parallel planes defined by the exterior and interior surfaces of the sash when it is in the vertical position.

AY modified sash supportrstructure (FIGURE 9) includes a slide member having a resiliently ilexible sealing element secured to and extending along the exterior surface thereof for engagementby the adjacent vertical sash element to block the entrance of the atmosphere therebetween. Thismodification also includes a diierent hinge bracketV supported upon the slide member.

Detailed Construction Y The window assembly 10 (FIGURES 1 and 2), which has been selected to illustrate a preferred embodiment of -the invention, is comprised of a window frame 11 of the type used to support a pair of double-hung sashes, such as the sashes 12 and 13. The window frame 11 (FIGURE l) has arheader i16, a sill 17 and a pair of side jambs 18 and l19, all of which may be substantially conventionalV and fabricated from any convenient Vmater-ial such as Wood. The jambs 18 and 19 (FIGURE 2) have exterior stops 22 and 22a, interior stops 23 and 23a and intermediate stops 24 and 24a, respectively, which are spaced and parallel in the usual manner for guiding the vertical, Vsliding movement of the sashes disposed therebetween. In all material respects, the window frame 11 and parts thereof may be Icompletely conventional and of the type presently in wide use for double-hung window installations. Y j V The upper or exterior sash 12 (FIGURES l and' 2),

sash support structures or mechanisms 41 and 42 which may be substantially mirror images of each `other and Vwhich provide for bothV vertical sliding and horizontal tilting movement of the sash 12 with respect to the frame 11. Similar support structures 43 and -44 support the lower sash 13 for vertical sliding and horizontaltilting of said sash 13 with respect -to the window frame 11.

The sash support structure 41 (FIGURES 2, 3 and 4) includes an elongated, rigid mounting member 46 which extends along, and is secured to the outer edge of, the -stile 28 =by screws 47. Said mounting member 46 has `a 'lengthwise flange 48 which lis spaced from the stile 28 'and projects toward, but is spaced from lthe exterior side 29 of, the sash 12. The mounting member 46 preferably extends substantially the full length of said stile 28 Vand has the lower exterior portion thereof (FIGURE 6) cut away to form a curved edge 52 for reasons appearing hereinafter.

A hinge pin or trunnion 53 (FIGURE 3) extends through an opening 54, which penetrates lthe mounting y member y46 near the lower end thereof substantially concentric with the curved edge 52. The trunnion 53 has an out-of-roundV head S6 which is disposed within a lengthwise'slot 57 in the inner surface of the mounting member 46, whereby rotation of said trunnion 53 with respect to the mounting member 46 is positively opposed. The opening S4 and the adjacent portion of the trunnion 53 may also have mating, out-of-round contours for the j purpose of further Y preventing relative rotation there- (FIGURES '1, 2 and 3) has a web 62, which is disposed against the jamb 18, and a pair of inwardly extending anges 63 and 64, `which are snugly Adisposed, adjacent yto the exterior stop 22 and intermediate stop 24, respectively. Said slide guide 61 (FIGURE 1), which preferably extends from the header '16,10 the sill 17, maybe secured to said jamb 18 by screws 66. The angesg63 and 64 have lengthwise, `parallel grooves 67 and 68 in their opposing surfaces, preferably adjacent to the web 62.

An elongated, rigid slide member 71 (FIGURES 3, 4 and 6), which is substantiallychannel-shaped and `preferably of approximately the same length as the stile 28, slidably supported upon and within the guide 61 for movement lengthwise thereof.r Specifically, the slide member 71 has a web 72 and a pair of outwardly extending ilanges 73 and 74 which are slidably disposed adjacent to the Vilanges 63 and `64, respectively. have lengthwise, sideward projections 76 and 77 adjacent their free edges, which projections extend respectively into the grooves 67 and 68 to `guide the lengthwise sliding of the slide 71 with respect to the guide 61 while preventing relative transverse movements thereof.

An -elongated ange 78 (FIGURES 3 and 6)-, having a substantially L-shaped cross section, is integral with and 'extends along the web 72 adjacent the exterior edge thereof. 'Ihe ange 78 cooperates with the adjacent portion of the web 72 to deiine an elongated groove 79 which opens f n The anges 73 and 74V toward the interior side of the frame 11 and into which the flange 48 on the mounting member 46 is snugly but slidably receivable to form a weather seal.

As shown in FIGURES 4 and 5, the slide member 71 has an upwardly extending notch 82 in its lower end. The notch 82 has near its upper end and one its interior side an arcuate edge 83 with'a somewhat larger radius than the radius of the trunnion 53. A flange 84 (FIG- URES 3 and 4), which lies substantially Within a plane perpendicular to the lengthwise extent of the slide member 71, is rigidly secured to the web 72 between the flanges 73 and 74 adjacent to the upper edge of the notch 82. If desired, the ange 84 and at least the upper portion of the notch 82 may be formed at the same time by bending a portion of the web 72 into a position perpendicular to the lengthwise extent of said slide member. An opening 86 (-FIGURE 3) is provided through the flange 84 near its exterior edge for snug reception of an internally threaded sleeve 87, of a well-known type, which sleeve is rigidly secured to the flange 84.

A substantially U-shaped hinge member 88 (FIGURES 4, 5 and 7) has a substantially cylindrical bearing portion 89 with integral, substantially parallel flanges 92 and 93 extending therefrom. The inner diameter of the bearing portion 89 is preferably about equal to the diameter of the trunnion 53 when the ilanges 92 and 93 are approximately parallel. Said llanges 92 and 93 have coaxial openings 94 and 95 through which a screw 97 is slidably received for threaded reception into the sleeve 87, whereby the hinge member 88 is secured -to the ange 84 with the bearing portion 89 snugly disposed within the arcuate edge 83 of the notch 82. Under such circumstances, the trunnion 53 can be slidably and rotatably disposed within the bearing portion 89 while the ange 48 is snugly disposed within the groove 79. A resiliently flexible grommet 98 (FIGURE 7), preferably encircles the screw 97 between the anges 92 and 93 for resiliently resisting movement of the anges 92 and 93 Itoward eachother in response to tightening of the screw 97'.

'Ihe iliange 84 (FIGURE 4),the hinge member 88 and the above-described means securing them together cornprise the support bracket 99 which engages ,the trunnion 53 for the purpose of supporting the sash 12 upon the slide member 71, hence upon the window frame 11. The hinge member 88 and trunni-on 53 'are preferably fabricated 'from materials which will resist, without seizing, rotation of the trunnion 53 in a selectable amount, depending upon Ithe tightness of the screw 97. The diameter and length of the trunnion 53, within Ithe limitations of the disclosed structure, may depend lin pant upon the amount of engaging surface which is required between the ltrunnion 53 land the hinge member 88 to control effectively the pivotal movements and positioning of the sash.

The support bracket 99 (FIGURE 2) is preferably constructed and arranged so that the exterior side of the stile 28 will be adjacent the plane deined by the interior surfaces lof -the exterior `stops 22 and 22a when the sash 12 is -in a substantially ver-tical position.

The support structure 42 (FIGURE 2) which is preferably a mirror image of the support structure 41, described above, includes a mounting member 46a secured to the stile 29. A |trunnion 53a extends from the member 46a for reception into a support bracket 99a supported upon the lower end of the slide member 71a. A slide guide 61a is supported upon the yjamb 19 between the Istops 22a yand 24a.' for' slidably supporting the slide member 71a. l

The support structures 43 and 44 (FIGURE 2), which support the lower sash 13 upon the' frame'll may be, and preferably are,` substantially identical with the support structures 41 and '42, respectively, described above. Specifically, the support structures 43 and 44, 'respectively include mounting members 110 and 110e, slide guides 111 and 111m and slide members |112 and 112e. 'I'he slide members 112 and 112a, upon which the support brackets 113 and 113e I'are mounted, preferably have shorter flanges 114 and 114e than theV flanges 73 and 74 on slide member 71. This arrangement permits pivotal movement of the upper sash 12, including lthe mounting members A46 and 46a thereon, between the slide members 112 and 112a without interference therefrom.

It will be recognized that, by appropriate arrangement of certain parts associated with the support bracket `99 and the trunnion 53, their positions of mounting can be reversed. That is, rthe support bracket vcan be supported upon the mounting member 46 and recessed into the sash stile 28, whereas 'the trunnion 53 can be supported upon the web 72 of the -slide member 7\1.

Operation As an important feature of this invention, the sash support structures 41 through 44 of the invention can be mounted upon and within a double-hung window frame 11, either 'before or after it is installed with substantially equal ease. In both cases, the upper sash 12 will be slightly narrower in width than the lower sash, and both sashes will be slightly narrower `than thosewhich arenot equipped with the invention. Where the sash support structures 41 to 44 are part of the original window assembly, it may be desirable to provide sashes of slightly reduced sizes. Where the sash support structures Iare Vinstalled on existing windows, the vertical edges of the sashes are trimmed off. Any loss of strength in the Stiles, resulting from such trimming, is adequately overcome Vby the addition of a relatively strong mounting member 46 to said s-tile. The outer edges of the stiles on each sash are properly notched to receive snugly the mounting members secured thereto.

The slide guide 61 and the lslide member 71, -for example, are inserted into the space between the stops'22 and 24 (FIGURE 2) after which the web `62 is secured to the jamb 18 by screws 66. The trunnion 53 is connected Ito ythe mounting member 46 before .the mounting member lis secured to stile 28. The hinge member V88 is mounted upon ythe trunnion 53 with 'the screw 97 extending through the anges 92 and 93 and the vgrommet 98.

In a similar manner, the slide guide 61a and the slide member 71a `are mounted upon'the jamb 19, and the mounting member 46a with its trunnion 53a is secured upon the stile 29.

The slide members 71 and 71a are moved upwardly and ,the sash 12, with its stiles 2S and 29 in substantially horizontal positions, are moved yfrom lthe interior side of the frame 11 through the window frame opening until the hinge members supported thereon are disposed between the slide guides 61 and 61a. This may require a raising of one side of the sash so that the hinge members and trunnions ltherein can clear the interior .and intermediate stops on said window frame. The sash 12 is then moved upwardly so that the hinge members 88 and 88a move upwardly into the notches, such as kthe notch 82, in the lower ends of Athe slide members 71 Vand 71a, until both hinge members assume positions 'about as shown in FIGURE 5. Thereafter, the screws associated with the hinge members, such-as the screw- 97 on hinge member 18S, are -threadedly-engaged with the sleeves 87 and y87a and tightened until the trunnions 53 and 53a are properly l:gripped by the hinge members `88 and 88a. Because the support bracket `99 and the trunnion 53 are close to theY lower edge of the sash 12,V -the screw 97Yis easily accessible -for adjustment when lthe sash -is spaced upwardly from the sill 17. The sash 12 can be pivoted around the hinge axis provided by its trunnions into the substantially vertical position, -as shown in FIGURE l, for normal double-hung operation. t Y

In a similar manner, the lower sash 13- is mounted upon and between the jambs 18 and 19 by the support mechanisms 43 and 44. When the sashlock 39 is in its locked condition, pivotal movement of'thesashes 12 and V13 Vis positively prevented. That is, the connection of thesash lock Yprevents pivotal movement of the lower sash 13 and, at the same time, prevents vertical movement of both sashes. The intermediate stop along the header 16 prevents pivotal movement of the upper sash 12 while it is held in the raised position by the sash lock 39. The snug reception of the flange 48 on the mounting member 46 within the groove 79 on the slide member 71 provides an adequate weather seal. It is seen that, when the sashes 12 and 13 are in their substantially vertical positions, as shown in FIGURE 1 with respect to the sash 12, the hinge mechanisms, such as the support bracket 99 Yand trunnion 53 are completely concealed. Moreover, except Ifor the interior edge of the mounting member 46 the entire sash support structure 41, for example, is also hiddenfrom normal view. Yet, each hinge mechanism can be quickly and easilyadjusted simply by raising thesash and using a screw driver. AThe modified sash support structure 120 (FIGURE 9) includes a slide guide 121, which may be substantially identical with the slide Vguide 61 (FIGURE 3) and which may be mounted upon a windowjamb, such as the jamb 18 in FIGURE 2. The modified support structure 120 alsoincludes a mounting member 122 which may be substantially identical to the mounting member 46 and is secured to a vertical sash element E124 on the sash 125, which may be similar to the sash 12 (FIGURES 1 and 2) A trunnion 123, ,which may be substantially identical to fthe trunnion 53 (FIGURE 7), may be mounted upon and extend through the mounting member 122 in substantially the same manner that the trunnion 53y is mounted upon and extends through the mounting member 46. The sash 1-25 to which the mounting member 122 is secured may, as shown in FIGURE 9, be designed for double glazing. The slide member 126 (FIGURE 9) is similar tothe slide member 71, for example, 'm that itis channel shaped and has a Web 127 with 'a pair of parallel flanges 128 and 129 integral with and extending from the opposite lengthwise edges of the web 127. The flanges 128 and 129 ihave oppositely extending, lengthwise projections 131 and 132' slidably receivable into the grooves 133 and 134 Vin the slide yguide .121. Said flanges `128 and 129 also have inwardly extending, lengthwise projections 136 and 137 which preferably dene a plane Vsubstantially parallel with the web 127 and are located adjacent the free edges of the flanges 128 and 129. j

The slide member 126 (FIGURE 9) has an elongated, L-shaped ange 138 which extends inwardly and then interiorly from lthe web 127 adjacent the exterior edge thereof to define wit-h said web a groove 139 into which the lengthwise ange 140,011 the mounting member 122 'is snugly :and slidably receivable in substantially the same manner that the ange r48 on the mounting member 46 (FIGURES 3) is receivable into the groove 79 on the slide member 71. Y Y

The slide member 126 has a sidewardly yextending lengthwiseprojection 144 extending along and away from the exterior side of the flange 128 adjacent the L-shaped ange 138. The exterior surface of said projection is preferably about ush with the exterior surface of the sash element 124. The projection 144 has a lengthwise undercut groove 141 extending along the exterior side thereof.

An elongated, resiliently flexible sealing element 142, which may be fabricated from any convenient material such as neoprene, plastic or the like, and which is weather resistant, is mounted upon and extends along the slide member 126. That is, the sealing element 142 has an integral, lengthwise* bead 143 which is snugly receivable into the groove 141 for holding the sealing element 142 snugly against the exterior surface of the projection'144. Said sealing element 142 is relatively llat and is wide :enough to extend substantially beyond the L-shaped 8 llange .i138 for engagement by the adjacentportion of the exterior surface on the sash element 124, when said sash element is parallel with the slide member 126.

The hinge mem-ber 146, which is supported Vwithin the slide member 126 near the lower end thereof, is comprised of upper and lower bearing blocks 147 and 148, which are disposed between the anges 128 and 129.

f Said bearing blocks 147 and 148` have opposing substantially semi-cylindrical grooves e151 and 152 in their adjacent sid which are arrangedto define a substantially cylindrical bearing opening or surface 149. The maximum, radial depth `of the recesses 151 and 152 is slightly less than the radius of the trunnion 123 received therein.

The upper bearing block 147 has a pair of recesses 153 (FIGURES 8 and l0) in both vertical edges thereof which are adjacent the inner projections v136 and 137, respectively. Accordingly, the upper block i147 can be rmly held with respect to the slide member 1126 by staking the adjacent portions of the projections 136 and 137 into the recesses 153. The upper bearing block 147 has a pair of vertical, threaded openings 155 Vand 156 on opposite sides of the groove 151.

The lower bearing block 148 (FIGURE 10) has a pair lof smooth bore openings 157 and 158 which are axially aligned respectively with the threaded openings 155 and 156. A pair of screws 159 and 169` are slidably received through the smooth bore openings 157 and 158- for threaded engagement within the threaded openings 155 and 5156. Thus, by tightening the screws 159 and 160, the lower bearing block 148 is moved upwardly toward the upper bearing block 147, thereby increasing the force 4with which the trunnion 123- is gripped between the bearing blocks 147 and 148. Such increase in gripping force increases the resistance of the blocks to the rotation of the trunnion 123 within the hinge member 146. The Y'web 127 of the slide member 128 (FIGURE 8) has a recess .162 in its lower end through which the trunnion l123 may be slidably received for the purpose of effecting a mounting of the ltnunnion 123 within the hinge member Y146 when said trunnion is mounted upon the mounting member 122. Y

The operation of the modified support structure 120, as well as the sash slidably and hingedly supported thereby within a window frame, such as the Window frame 11 (FIGURE l), may be substantially the same as that discussed above with respect to .support structure 41. 'As discussed above, the force with which the trunnion 123 is gripped between the bearing blocks 147 andl148 may be adjusted by turning one or both of the screws 159 and 160, which are easily reached whenever the sash'125 is in at least a partially raised position so that it is spaced from the sill. Removal of a sash with the mounting member 122 and trunnion 123 thereon can be Veffected Veasily by removing both of the screws 159 and 160 so that the lower Ibearing block 148 can sl-ide with the trunnion 123 through the lower end of the slide -member 126. Under some circumstances, it may be necessary or desirable to mount the trunnion 53 (FIGURES 4 and 5) upon the slide member 71 before the trunnion is connected to the sash, such as the sash 12a, by means of a mounting member 46 (FIGURE 3). 'This can be accomplished by a modiled mounting member 165, which has a lengthwise groove-166 (FIGURE l2) on its inner -face adjacent the sash element 28a' in a Ymanner substantially similar to the mounting member 46. The web 167 between the groove 166 and the Vouter surface 168 lof the mounting member has a lengthwise slot 169 which extends through the =lower end of the mounting member @1-65 fromv a point near thereto. The slot'169 is of cross-sectional `dimension substantially equal tothe diameter of the shank on the trunnion 53a for slidably receiving said shank when the head 56a of said trunnion is within the groove 166.

A pin opening l171 (FIGURE 12) extends transversely through the mounting member 165 substantially parallel with the outer surface l168 so that it intersects the slot 169 near the upper end thereof. A pin I172 -is snugly receivable into the opening 171 so that it passes through the slot 169 at `a distance from the-upper, closed end thereof substantially equal to the diameter of the shank on the trunnion 53a.

Assembly of a sash support structure 41 (FIGURE 2), including the mounting member 165 (FIGURE l2), is effected by first securing the mounting member 165 to a. sash 12a. The trunnion 53a is then inserted into a bearing device, such as the bearing member 88b (FIGURE 12), so that the head 56a of the trunnion 53a is spaced from the bearing member for reception into the groove `166 (FIG- URE 11l) as the shank moves along the slot 169 in the mounting member 16S. When the trunnion'53 reaches the upper end ofthe slot, the pin 1172 is then inserted into the pin opening 171. rfhe sash 12a is now ready for operation in the manner set forth above with respect to the sash A12.

Although a particular preferred embodiment of the invention has been disclosed above in det-ail for illustrative purposes, it will be understood that variations or :modifications of such disclosure, which lie within the scope of the appended claims, are fully contemplated.

What -is claimed is:

l. In a structure for pivotally and slidably supporting a sash in a Window frame having a pair of spaced, substantially parallel jambs, the combination comprising:

An elongated guide member securable to, and substantially parallel with, one of said jambs;

An elongated slide member slidably supported upon and parallel with said guide member, said slide member being substantially shorter than the guide member;

A hinge device mounted upon said slide member adjacent one end thereof, said hinge device having means defining yan arcuate gripping surface axially perpendicular to said slide member;

A trunnion rotatably engaged by said gripping surface;

Means supporting said trunnion upon the edge of said sash adjacent said slide member and near said one end thereof, said sash being pivotable with respect to said frame around the axis of said trunnion; and

Mechanism operatively associated with and connected to said hinge device and located radially outwardly of said gripping surface for adjusting the radial pressure between said trunnion and said surface, and thereby controlling the rotational movement of said trunnion with respect to said hinge device, whereby the pivotal movement of said sash is controlled.

2. The structure of claim 1 wherein the means supporting said trunnion upon said sash includes an elongated mounting member ysecured to and extending -alon-g said edge of said sash, said mounting member having =a lengthwise groove in the side thereof adjacent to said edge of said sash and the wall of said mounting member between the outer surface thereof and said groove having a llengthwise slot extending from near said one end of said mounting member therethrough, said slot being of less width than said groove and disposed substantially midway between the edges thereof; 'and Wherein said Itrunnion has a shank slidably but snugly receivable into and along said slot into the closed end thereof, and said trunnion has a head slidably and no-rotatably disposable within said groove when said shank is in said slot, whereby said trunnion can be mounted in said hinge device after which said mounting member can be engaged with said trunnion; and

Including means secured to said mounting member for holding said trunnion rotatably within said closed end of said slot.

3. In a structure for pivotally and slidably supporting a sash in a window frame having a pair of spaced, substantially parallel jambs, the combination comprising:

An elongated guide member securable to, and substantially parallel lwith, one of said jambs;

An elongated slide member slidably supported upon and parallel with said guide member, said slide member being substantially shorter than the guide member;

A hinge device mounted upon said slide member adjacent one end thereof, said hinge device having 'two portions with opposing concave surfaces defining a substantially cylindrical bearing opening axially perpendicular to said slide member, said portions being movable toward and away from the axis of said open- A trunnion rotatably receivable into said bearing open- Means supporting said ltrunnion upon the edge of said sash adjacent said sl-ide member and near said one end thereof, said sash being pivotable with respect to said frame around the axis of said trunnion; and

Mechanism connected to said two por-tions for effecting said movement thereof and thereby controlling the frictional engagement of said trunnion by said hinge 20 device, whereby said sash is held in langular positions with respect to said guide member.

4. Sash support structure for hingedly and slidably supporting -a rectangular sash upon and within a doublehung window lframe having a pair of opposed, elongated and substantially parallel surfaces extending along the vertical jambs thereof, comprising:

A pair of similar, elongated and substantially parallel guide members mounted upon and extending lengthwise of said opposing surfaces "of the vertical jambs;

A pair of similar, elongated slide members of substantially less length than said guide members slidably supported respectively upon said guide members for movement lengthwise thereof;

A pair of support elements rigidly secured to said slide members adjacent the lower ends thereof;

A pair of hin-ge members removably mounted upon said support elements, said hinge members having portions defining substantially cylindrical and co- -axially ialignable bearing openings perpendicular to said slide member;

A pair of elongated mounting members secured to and extending along the opposite vertical edges of the sash to points adjacent the lower rail thereof;

A pair of coaxial trunnions rigidly secured to and eX- tending in opposite directions from said mounting members adjacent said lower rails, said trunnions being rotatably and simultaneously receivable into said bearing openings, whereby vertical movement -of the sash effects vertical movement of the slide members, said sash being pivotable with respect to said frame around the axis of said trunnion; and

Adjustment means on said hinge members and said support elements for moving said portions toward and away from the axes of said bearing openings and thereby increasing and decreasing the frictional engagement of the trunnions by the hinge members, whereby said sash is held by engagement between said trunnions, hinge members and support elements, only, in angular positions with respect to said slide members.

5. The structure of claim 4 wherein said support element-s are integral anges on said slide members extending toward their associated guide members;

Wherein each slide member has a slot extending from its support element through the lower end of the slide for reception of the trunnion with the hinge member thereon; and

Wherein each hinge member is substantially U-shaped Xand includes a resiliently compressible element between the ilanges thereof near the free ends thereof.

6. The structure of claim 4 wherein said hinge members are substantially U-shaped; and

Wherein each pair of -associated slide and guide members has a pair of opposed, spaced and substantially parallel surfaces between which the support element and hinge member are substantially disposed wheret 1 i 1 2 by said hinge members land said trunnions lie sub Wherein said adjustment means includes screw means stantially between the planes dened by the interior connecting said blocks together.

Y and exterior surfaces of the sash.

7. 'The structure of cla-im 4 wherein each `of said hinge 'References Cited in the file of this patent member includes la. pair of bearing blocks having cooper- 5 UNITE)V STATES PATENTS ative, semi-cylindrical surfaces dening a substantially cylindrical opening, one of lsaid blocks in each hinge meml/Ionsh et al NOV' 8 1932- end and the other b ock being slidably held 1n said shde 10 2,778,668 Kaufman et al Jan 22 1957 member; `and 

1. IN A STRUCTURE FOR PIVOTALLY AND SLIDABLY SUPPORTING A SASH IN A WINDOW FRAME HAVING A PAIR OF SPACED, SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL JAMBS, THE COMBINATION COMPRISING: AN ELONGATED GUIDE MEMBER SECURABLE TO, AND SUSTANTIALLY PARALLEL WITH, ONE OF SAID JAMBS; AN ELONGATED SLIDE MEMBER SLIDABLY SUPPORTED UPON AND PARALLEL WITH SAID GUIDE MEMBER, SAID SLIDE MEMBER BEING SUBSTANTIALLY SHORTER THAN THE GUIDE MEMBER; A HINGE DEVICE MOUNTED UPON SAID SLIDE MEMBER ADJACENT ONE END THEREOF, SAID HINGE DEVICE HAVING MEANS DEFINING AN ARCUATE GRIPPING SURFACE AXIALLY PERPENDICULAR TO SAID SLIDE MEMBER; A TRUNNION ROTATABLY ENGAGED BY SAID GRIPPING SURFACE, MEANS SUPPORTING SAID TRUNNION UPON THE EDGE OF SAID SASH ADJACENT SAID SLIDE MEMBER AND NEAR SAID ONE END THEREOF, SAID SASH BEING PIVOTABLE WITH RESPECT TO SAID FRAME AROUND THE AXIS OF SAID TRUNNION; AND MECHANISM OPERATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH AND CONNECTED TO SAID HINGE DEVICE AND LOCATED RADIALLY OUTWARDLY OF SAID GRIPPING SURFACE FOR ADJUSTING THE RADIAL PRESSURE BETWEEN SAID TRUNNION AND SAID SURFACE, AND THEREBY CONTROLLING THE ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT OF SAID TRUNNION WITH RESPECT TO SAID HINGE DEVICE, WHEREBY THE PIVOTAL MOVEMENT OF SAID SASH IS CONTROLLED. 